Investigators say the woman, a resident of Telangana, was lured by foreign operatives posing as university scholars.
The complaint, filed at Gandhi Nagar Police Station, lists Sections 3 and 5 of the Official Secrets Act 1923, plus Sections 152 and 61(2) of the Indian Penal Code.
Sources in the intelligence community disclosed that the operatives first asked her to write about environmental and geopolitics topics before gradually shifting to defence matters.
The police believe she was unaware of the true identity of her contacts and that she unwittingly became a conduit for encrypted data.
No evidence of physical material recovered has been released, and the investigation is still unfolding; authorities are tracing the digital trail and seeking additional witnesses.
The case may prompt a review of security protocols for officers' families and could lead to an arrest once arrest warrants are issued.