The Asian needle ant, an invasive species native to East Asia, has spread to more than 20 U.S. states, with established populations in the Southeast and growing presence in other regions, according to entomologists and public safety agencies. Known for its sharp, painful sting likened to a needle puncture, the ant poses health risks, particularly to individuals with allergies, who may experience severe reactions requiring medical treatment.

The insects are difficult to detect due to their small size, dark coloring, and preference for nesting in hidden areas such as under rocks, in decaying wood, or moist soil. First recorded in the U.S. in the early 20th century, the ants have gradually expanded beyond southern states like Georgia, Alabama, and the Carolinas, avoiding detection because they do not form large mounds or visible trails.

Control efforts remain limited, as pesticide baits reduce but do not eliminate colonies, making full eradication unlikely. Experts emphasize management and public awareness over elimination, urging people to wear protective gloves when working in gardens or handling outdoor debris.

Environmental scientists also warn the ants may disrupt local ecosystems by outcompeting native species that support soil health and seed dispersal. The U.S. Department of Agriculture and state agencies continue to monitor the spread and assess long-term ecological effects.

Officials advise residents in affected areas to remain cautious in damp, wooded environments and report suspected infestations to local authorities. The focus remains on prevention and monitoring as the species becomes increasingly established across the southeastern and mid-Atlantic United States.